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FLORA
Bhutan, identified as the “land of medicinal herbs” and the “botanists’ paradise,” boasts a forest cover of more than 72.5% in three climate zones: subtropical, temperate, and alpine. There are 369 orchid species in the country, including the nation’s flower, the blue poppy, 46 types of rhododendrons, and 300 medicinal plants. With the government constructing a gentian, oak, and pine forest, the Bhutan Himalayas are a source for Ayurvedic medicine. Bhutan has various groups that strive to safeguard its natural resources.
FAUNA
Bhutan is a paradise for a diverse range of animals, including snow leopards, blue sheep, marmots, Tibetan wolves, antelope, and Himalayan musk deer. Temperate forests offer gray langurs, Himalayan black bears, red pandas, squirrels, wild pigs, barking deer, Bengal tigers, and common leopards. Tropical forests offer clouded leopards, tigers, one-horned rhinoceros, water buffaloes, swamp deer, hispid hares, sloth bears, southern elephants, swamp deer, hog deer, and golden langurs. The kingdom has over 670 bird species, with 415 resident species moving up and down based on their migration from mountains. About 50 winter migrants migrate, while 40 are partial migrants. Bhutan also boasts 16+ valuable bird species worldwide, including White-bellied Heron, Satyr Tragopan, Chestnut-breasted Partridge, Blyth’s Trogon, rumped Honey Guide, Rumped Swift, Rufous-necked Hornbill, Pallas Fish Eagle, Blyth’s King Fisher, Purple Cochoa, Red-headed Parrot Bill, Wood Snipe, Wren Babbler, Grey-crowned Prinia, and Beautiful Nuthatch.
The government has established 12 national reserves, nature parks, and wildlife sanctuaries to safeguard the environment.
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